蜜蜂来不来,花儿说了算 | Biology Letter 论文推荐
蜜蜂如何选择收集何种花粉呢?
来源 Science
撰文 Ben Panko
翻译 李昕骥
审校 紫苏
植物和蜜蜂之间有着复杂的关系:植物需要这些昆虫来传播花粉,但是——因为生产花粉会耗费许多能量——花儿们需要确定每只蜜蜂不会带走太多。
现在,新的研究阐明了植物如何控制每只蜜蜂从它们那儿提取花粉的量——通过味觉,该研究发表在 2016 年 7 月16 日的 Biology Letters上。
研究者们为 6 个熊蜂(Bombus impatiens,如图)群提供了添加了不同物质的花粉:甜味的蔗糖、苦味的奎宁、和中性的纤维素。
在 5 分钟的试验中,他们观察到:这些熊蜂花费将近三倍于收集奎宁处理的花粉的时间来收集蔗糖处理的花粉,而且收集纤维素处理花粉的时间几乎也只有甜味花粉的一半。
尽管最终蜜蜂们收集的蔗糖花粉和纤维素花粉的量大致相当,但它们的首选是蔗糖处理的花粉,这显示了它们更偏好这种花粉的口味。
研究者们希望,进一步的研究能够揭示现实世界中的植物是否、并且如何使用味觉来控制传粉者的访花频率。
原文链接:http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/07/sweet-success-how-bees-choose-which-pollen-collect
论文基本信息
【题目】Bees use the taste of pollen to determine which flowers to visit
【作者】Felicity Muth, Jacob S. Francis, Anne S. Leonar
【刊期】Biology Letter
【日期】Published 12 July 2016.
【doi】DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0356
【摘要】Pollen plays a dual role as both a gametophyte and a nutritional reward for pollinators. Although pollen chemistry varies across plant species, its functional significance in pollination has remained obscure, in part because little is known about how floral visitors assess it. Bees rely on pollen for protein, but whether foragers evaluate its chemistry is unclear, as it is primarily consumed by larvae. We asked whether the chemical composition of pollen influences bumblebees' foraging behaviour. Using putatively sweet and bitter pollen blends, we found that chemical composition influenced two aspects of bee behaviour relevant to plant fitness: the amount of pollen collected and the likelihood of subsequently visiting a visually similar flower. These findings offer a new perspective on the nutritional ecology of plant–pollinator interactions, as they show that pollen's taste may mediate its collection and transfer.
【链接】http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/12/7/20160356
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